What are the best Long Term
Investment Options in India? This is the basic
question asked by lot of people in India looking either for tax saving,
retirement benefits, insurance coverages or future goals like higher studies of
children, girl marriage etc.
Lot of time my
friends, colleagues and relatives do call me asking what long term investment
options are available to them in India and where they can invest to meet future
requirements.
There are plenty
of long term investment choices available and each have different expected
rate of return and features. There is nothing called as best investment option,
because every investment option meets one or other different need and come with
different risk and liquidity also.
However, one wrong
decision could result frustration in future. Therefore, you should evaluate the
following top 10 options in detail before you invest.
Here is the list
of top 10 options available which we shall be discussing in detail one by one:-
1.Public Provident Fund
2.National Pension Scheme
3.Sukanya Samriddhi Scheme- for
girls/daughters only
4.Mutual Funds- Debt or Equity
5.Direct Investment in equity
shares of company
6.Real Estate
7.Government Bonds
8.Gold
9.SCSS –
10.Fixed Deposit in Bank account
Public Provident
Fund (PPF)
This is the most
commonly used name when it comes to long term investment. You must have heard
about this name from your elders, parents and at the time of submitting tax
proofs.
Q- Who should
invest in PPF?
A- Usually this
investment is good for long term investor, having low risk appetite and looking
for reasonably safe investment returns and good for retirement benefits where
you do not want to take any risk on financial needs.
Q- Why someone
should invest in PPF?
A- This plan is
created and mandated by government thus backed with guaranteed returns thereon.
In my belief this investment should be done by high risk profile individuals
also, to stabilize their portfolio.
Q- What is the
Tenure of Investment?
A- The minimum
lock-in period for this investment plan is 15 years, before which you may not
be able to withdraw the complete money.
Q- Amount of
Investment?
A-Minimum investment required is
Rs. 500/- and a maximum of Rs. 1.50 lakhs can be invested annually in a year.
You may decide the frequency of this investment also i.e. lumpsum or monthly or
different intervals as may be suitable keeping the limit in mind. If you invest
less than Rs. 500 a year – there could be some penalty applied on your account.
Q- What is the
rate of return decided for PPF?
A- The rate of
return decided for PPF by government is 7.1% as applicable from 1 July 20,
earlier it use to be higher.
Q- Where I can go
for investing into PPF and what are other benefits?
A- One may choose
to go to any bank SBI, ICICI or post office and you may use this account to
obtain loan also, for more procedural information forms and other formalities
you may check with the bank. Now days with
Q- Is there any
tax on investment or return of PPF?
A- Nil, exempted
from tax, rather gives you a benefit under Income Tax Act. You can claim
deduction if you have invested in PPF as per the running income tax provisions.
National Pension
Scheme (NPS)
NPS is a defined
contribution plan which means in this scheme a defined contribution is made to
the fund. But it is not same as PPF where investment is made on a regular basis
to earn interest to be withdrawn at later stage. NPS has two types – Tier I
having pension option and Tier II with flexible withdrawal options along with
pension.
This scheme is popular
among individuals who are looking for extra tax saving at early life stage and for
pension income post-retirement.
Q- Who should
invest in NPS?
A- Any person
looking for additional tax saving and pension income after retirement.
Q- Why someone
should invest in NPS?
A- This investment
gives is better than FD or PPF and less risky than share market stock
Q- What is the
Tenure of Investment?
A- Here you start
investing as soon as you become 18+ and remain invested till 60 years of life,
after that you can withdraw 60% of corpus tax free and remaining stay there for
pension income.
Q- Amount of
Investment?
B-There is no maximum limit on
investment in NPS but minimum Rs 1,000 investment per annum is required to keep
the NPS account active.
Q- What is the
rate of return decided for PPF?
A- In my
understanding, the expected rate of return to be earned on NPS is 7.1%, because
of the nature of investment done under NPS.
Q- Where I can go
for investing into NPS and what are other benefits?
A- NPS account can
be opened both online and offline process. Offline- Bank or Post office. For
Online check
Q- Is there any
tax on investment or return of NPS?
A- Tax depends on
the event of withdrawal of NPS amount, for instance, at retirement (40% is
exempt), pre-retirement (annuity taxed in the year of receipt) and at death of
subscriber to NPS account holder (no tax). However partial withdrawal (as
specified in the conditions) are exempt from tax.
Sukanya Samriddhi
Yojana (SSY)
In India due to
rising sex ratio gap, girl education and girl marriage, Sukanya Samriddhi
Yojana was started by Indian government to support parents of girl child and
give additional benefit to girl child who is an Indian resident.
Q- Who should
invest in Sukanya Samriddhi Account (SSA)?
A-Parents of a girl child can
open SSY account with SBI, post office or other bank as may be designated by
government for this. Here parent of girl child has to share the documentary
proof of girl child, and PAN, residence proof, Aadhar of parents to open this
account or other document as may be requested by bank / PO.
B-Girl child who has not attained
an age of 10 years, there guardian / parent / child anyone can contributed.
After 18 years this account is necessarily be maintained by girl only.
Q- What is the
Minimum and maximum amount has to be deposited.
A- Rs. 250 and
maximum of Rs. 1,50,000 per annum upto 15 years.
Q- What is the %
Return on deposit made to this account.
A-The rate of interest for
the 1st quarter of FY 2020-2021 i.e. 1 April 2020 to 30 June 2020 is 7.6%
p.a.
B-No interest is paid once tenure
is completed of SSA, i.e after 21 years from account opening or girl child
happens to become non-citizen / Non-resident of India.
Q- When and how
the account gets closed ?
A-Account matures after 21 years
and balance in SSA is withdrawn using bank/PO specified application and
documents thereon.
B-Premature withdrawal is allowed
only in specific cases –
a.marriage time of girl (18+)
b.death of girl on submission of
document
c.deemed closure –like girl
becomes NRI or non-citizen etc.
d.Specific hardship of parents in
depositing money i.e. after 5 years.
C-Withdrawal in other cases is
subjected to 50% and meeting education requirements only i.e. for 10